An Introduction to Lasers and Laser Systems
An Introduction to Lasers and Laser Systems. Instructors: Prof. Dhruba J. Biswas and Prof. J. Padma Nilaya, Department of Physics. The invention of the laser in 1960 was a major breakthrough that has had a profound impact on science and our everyday lives, from medicine to manufacturing to defence to telecommunications. To stay up-to-date with this rapidly evolving field, we propose a 30-lecture series on lasers for both undergraduate, postgraduate and research students. The course will begin with an introduction to the basics of lasers, and then build on this foundation to discuss the major developments in laser technology over the years. This standalone course will take an intuitive approach instead of the more common mathematical approach, making it accessible to students with an inquisitive mind and a high school level physics background in addition to researchers who make use of lasers in their day-to-day work. By the end of the course, students will have a solid understanding of what a laser is, how it works, and what makes the light it creates so special. They will also be able to apply their knowledge to solve problems and design new laser systems.
(from nptel.ac.in )
Lecture 22 - Electrical Pumping
VIDEO
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Lecture 01 - Lasers at a Glance
Lecture 02 - Light Amplifier and the Concept of Cavity
Lecture 03 - An Integration of a Population Inverted Medium and a Cavity
Lecture 04 - The Invention of Lasers by Maiman
Lecture 05 - Population Inversion vis-a-vis Boltzmann Distribution
Lecture 06 - Different Methods of Pumping to Effect Population Inversion
Lecture 07 - Population Inversion vis-a-vis No. of Participating Energy Levels in the Process of Lasing
Lecture 08 - Behaviour of Light
Lecture 09 - Behaviour of Light (cont.)
Lecture 10 - Young's Double Slit Experiment and Interference of Light
Lecture 11 - Interference of Light and Fabrication of Laser Windows and Mirrors
Lecture 12 - Fabrication of Laser Windows and Mirrors (cont.)
Lecture 13 - Diffraction of Light
Lecture 14 - Scattering of Light
Lecture 15 - Light Scattering (cont.) and Polarisation of Light
Lecture 16 - Polarisation of Light (cont.) and Brewster Angle of Incidence
Lecture 17 - Continuous and Pulsed Operation of Lasers
Lecture 18 - The Maximum Achievable Power from a Pulsed Laser
Lecture 19 - Continuous and Pulsed Pumping of Lasers
Lecture 20 - Continuous and Pulsed Pumping of Lasers (cont.)
Lecture 21 - Optical Pumping: Coupling of Pump Laser Beam into the Cavity
Lecture 22 - Electrical Pumping
Lecture 23 - Different Kinds of Lasers
Lecture 24 - Atomic Gas Lasers: He-Ne Laser
Lecture 25 - He-Ne Laser (cont.)
Lecture 26 - Emission Features of He-Ne Laser
Lecture 27 - Ion Lasers: Argon Ion Laser
Lecture 28 - Argon Ion Lasers: Emission Feature
Lecture 29 - Liquid Lasers: Dye Laser
Lecture 30 - Dye Lasers: Working Principle and Emission Features
Lecture 31 - Solid State Lasers: Nd-YAG Laser
Lecture 32 - Pumping of Nd-YAG Lasers
Lecture 33 - Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers and Continuously Tunable Solid State Lasers
Lecture 34 - Excimer Lasers: Importance
Lecture 35 - Excimer Lasers: Working Principle, Rare Gas Halide Lasers
Lecture 36 - Introduction to CO2 Lasers and Molecular Spectroscopy
Lecture 37 - Molecular Spectroscopy:Ro-vibrational Transitions
Lecture 38 - Fundamental Modes of Molecular Vibration, Vibrational Modes of a CO2 Molecule, 4 Level Laser Scheme in a CO2 Laser
Lecture 39 - Mechanism of Lasing in a CO2 Laser
Lecture 40 - Low Pressure, CW Operation of a CO2 Laser
Lecture 41 - Limitations of CW - CO2 Lasers and Remedy
Lecture 42 - Pulsed Operation of CO2 Lasers; TEA CO2 Lasers and their Temporal Emission Profile
Lecture 43 - TEA CO2 Lasers: Operation, Gain Broadening and Emission Features
Lecture 44 - Gain Broadening and Emission Features (cont.)
Lecture 45 - Discrete and Continuously Tunable Operation of a CO2 Laser
Lecture 46 - Chemical Lasers: Underlying Physics
Lecture 47 - Principle of Operation of HF, DF Chemical Oxygen Iodine Lasers
Lecture 48 - Gas Dynamic Lasers: Principle of Operation
Lecture 49 - Operation of Gas Dynamic CO2 Lasers
Lecture 50 - Fiber Lasers: Its Advantages over Conventional Solid State Lasers
Lecture 51 - Fiber Lasers (cont.)
Lecture 52 - The Acceptance Angle, Pumping of Fiber Lasers and their Operation
Lecture 53 - Scaling up of Output Power of Fiber Laser and Operation of Fiber Amplifiers
Lecture 54 - Semiconductor Lasers: An Introduction and Basics of Semiconductor Physics
Lecture 55 - Metals, Insulators and Semiconductors, Concept of Holes
Lecture 56 - Concept of Holes (cont.), Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors
Lecture 57 - n-type and p-type Semiconductors, Semiconductor Diodes, Light Emitting Diodes (LED)
Lecture 58 - Diode Laser from the LED
Lecture 59 - Homojunction and Heterojunction Diode Lasers
Lecture 60 - Edge Emitting Diode Lasers, Surface Emitting Diode Lasers, Diode Bars and Arrays