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Basic Electrical Circuits

Basic Electrical Circuits. Instructor: Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura, Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Madras. The course begins with an introduction to basic linear elements used in electrical circuits. Mesh and node analysis for systematic analysis of large circuits will be studied. Fundamental circuit theorems and their use in analysis will be discussed. Two port parameters used for abstracting out the behaviour of complex circuits will be described. The notion of negative feedback, and the opamp as an element for implementing negative feedback circuits will be discussed. Differential equations are introduced as tools for analyzing circuits with memory. Sinusoidal steady state analysis for simple analysis of such circuits will be studied. (from nptel.ac.in)

Lecture 10 - Capacitor


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Preliminaries; Current and Voltage; Electrical Elements and Circuits; Kirchhoff's Laws
Lecture 01 - Preliminaries
Lecture 02 - Current
Lecture 03 - Voltage
Lecture 04 - Electrical Elements and Circuits
Lecture 05 - Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL)
Lecture 06 - Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)
Basic Elements: Current and Voltage Sources; R, L, C, M; Linearity of Elements
Lecture 07 - Voltage Source
Lecture 08 - Current Source
Lecture 09 - Resistor
Lecture 10 - Capacitor
Lecture 11 - Inductor
Lecture 12 - Mutual Inductor
Lecture 13 - Linearity of Elements
Elements in Series and Parallel
Lecture 14 - Series Connection - Voltage Sources in Series
Lecture 15 - Series Connection of R, L, C Current Source
Lecture 16 - Elements in Parallel
Lecture 17 - Current Source in Series with an Element; Voltage Source in Parallel with an Element
Lecture 18 - Extreme Cases: Open and Short Circuits
Lecture 19 - Summary
Controlled Sources
Lecture 20 - Voltage Controlled Voltage Source (VCVS)
Lecture 21 - Voltage Controlled Current Source (VCCS)
Lecture 22 - Current Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS)
Lecture 23 - Current Controlled Current Source (CCCS)
Lecture 24 - Realizing a Resistance using VCCS or CCCS
Lecture 25 - Scaling an Element's Value using Controlled Sources
Lecture 26 - Example Calculation
Power and Energy in Circuits
Lecture 27 - Power and Energy Absorbed by Electrical Elements
Lecture 28 - Power and Energy in a Resistor
Lecture 29 - Power and Energy in a Capacitor
Lecture 30 - Power and Energy in an Inductor
Lecture 31 - Power and Energy in a Voltage Source
Lecture 32 - Power and Energy in a Current Source
Circuit Analysis Methods
Lecture 33 - Goals of Circuit Analysis
Lecture 34 - Number of Independent KCL Equations
Lecture 35 - Number of Independent KVL Equations and Branch Relationships
Lecture 36 - Analysis of Circuits with a Single Independent Source
Lecture 37 - Analysis of Circuits with Multiple Independent Sources using Superposition
Lecture 38 - Superposition: Example
Nodal Analysis
Lecture 39 - What is Nodal Analysis?
Lecture 40 - Setting up Nodal Analysis Equations
Lecture 41 - Structure of the Conductance Matrix
Lecture 42 - How Elements Appear in the Nodal Analysis Formulation
Lecture 43 - Completely Solving the Circuit Starting from Nodal Analysis
Lecture 44 - Nodal Analysis Example
Lecture 45 - Matrix Inversion Basics
Extending Nodal Analysis with Different Sources
Lecture 46 - Nodal Analysis with Independent Voltage Sources
Lecture 47 - Supernode for Nodal Analysis with Independent Voltage Sources
Lecture 48 - Nodal Analysis with VCCS
Lecture 49 - Nodal Analysis with VCVS
Lecture 50 - Nodal Analysis with CCVS
Lecture 51 - Nodal Analysis with CCCS
Lecture 52 - Nodal Analysis Summary
Mesh Analysis
Lecture 53 - Planar Circuits
Lecture 54 - Mesh Currents and their Relationship to Branch Currents
Lecture 55 - Mesh Analysis
Lecture 56 - Mesh Analysis with Independent Current Sources - Supermesh
Lecture 57 - Mesh Analysis with Current Controlled Voltage Sources
Lecture 58 - Mesh Analysis with Current Controlled Current Sources
Lecture 59 - Mesh Analysis using Voltage Controlled Sources
Lecture 60 - Nodal Analysis vs Mesh Analysis
Circuit Theorems
Lecture 61 - Superposition Theorem
Lecture 62 - Pushing a Voltage Source through a Node
Lecture 63 - Splitting a Current Source
Lecture 64 - Substitution Theorem: Current Source
Lecture 65 - Substitution Theorem: Voltage Source
Lecture 66 - Substituting a Voltage or Current Source with a Resistor
More Circuit Theorems
Lecture 67 - Extensions to Superposition and Substitution Theorem
Lecture 68 - Thevenin's Theorem
Lecture 69 - Worked Out Example: Thevenin's Theorem
Lecture 70 - Norton's Theorem
Lecture 71 - Worked Out Example: Norton's Theorem
Lecture 72 - Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
Two Port Parameters
Lecture 73 - Preliminaries
Lecture 74 - Two Port Parameters
Lecture 75 - Y Parameters
Lecture 76 - Y Parameters: Examples
Lecture 77 - Z Parameters
Lecture 78 - Z Parameters: Examples
Lecture 79 - H Parameters
Lecture 80 - H Parameters: Examples
Lecture 81 - G Parameters
Lecture 82 - G Parameters: Examples
Lecture 83 - Calculations with a Two-port Element
Lecture 84 - Calculations with a Two-port Element (cont.)
Lecture 85 - Degenerate Cases
Lecture 86 - Relationship between Different Two-port Parameters
Lecture 87 - Equivalent Circuit Representation for Two Ports
Reciprocity in Resistive Networks
Lecture 88 - Reciprocity
Lecture 89 - Proof of Reciprocity of Resistive Two Ports
Lecture 90 - Proof for 4-Terminal Two Ports
Lecture 91 - Reciprocity in terms of Different Two Port Parameters
Lecture 92 - Reciprocity in Circuits Containing Controlled Sources
Lecture 93 - Examples
Op-Amp and Negative Feedback
Lecture 94 - Feedback Amplifier using an Op-Amp
Lecture 95 - Ideal Op-Amp
Lecture 96 - Negative Feedback around the Op-Amp
Lecture 97 - Finding Op-Amp Signs for Negative Feedback
Lecture 98 - Example: Determining Op-Amp Signs for Negative Feedback
Lecture 99 - Analysis of Circuits with Op-Amps
Op-Amps: Example Circuits and Additional Topics
Lecture 100 - Inverting Amplifier
Lecture 101 - Summing Amplifier
Lecture 102 - Instrumentation Amplifier
Lecture 103 - Negative Resistance and Miller Effect
Lecture 104 - Finding Op-Amp Signs for Negative Feedback Circuits with Multiple Op-Amps
Lecture 105 - Op-Amp Supply Voltages and Saturation
Lecture 106 - KCL with an Op-Amp and Supply Currents
First Order Circuits
Lecture 107 - Circuits with Storage Elements (Capacitors and Inductors)
Lecture 108 - First Order Circuit with Zero Input - Natural Response
Lecture 109 - First Order Circuit with Zero Input - Example
Lecture 110 - First Order Circuit with a Constant Input
Lecture 111 - General Form of the First Order Circuit Response
Lecture 112 - First Order RC Circuit with a Constant Input - Example
Lecture 113 - First Order Circuit with Piecewise Constant Input
Lecture 114 - First Order Circuit with Piecewise Constant Input - Example
Lecture 115 - First Order Circuit - Response of Arbitrary Circuit Variables
Lecture 116 - Summary: Computing First Order Circuit Response
First Order Circuits with with Discontinuities
Lecture 117 - Does a Capacitor Block DC?
Lecture 118 - Finding the Order of a Circuit
Lecture 119 - First Order RC Circuits with Discontinuous Capacitor Voltages
Lecture 120 - Summary: Computing First Order Circuit Response with Discontinuities
Lecture 121 - First Order RL Circuits
Lecture 122 - First Order RL Circuits with Discontinuous Inductor Current - Example
First Order Circuits with Time-Varying Inputs
Lecture 123 - First Order RC Circuit with an Exponential Input
Lecture 124 - First Order RC Response to its Own Natural Response
Lecture 125 - First Order RC Response to a Sinusoidal Input
Lecture 126 - First Order RC Response to a Sinusoidal Input via the Complex Exponential
Lecture 127 - Summary: Linear Circuit Response to Sinusoidal Input via the Complex Exponential
Sinusoidal Steady State Response and Total Response
Lecture 128 - Three Methods of Calculating the Sinusoidal Steady State Response
Lecture 129 - Calculating the Total Response Including Initial Conditions
Lecture 130 - Why are Sinusoids Used in Measurement?
Second Order System
Lecture 131 - Second Order System - Natural Response
Lecture 132 - Second Order System as a Cascade of Two First Order Systems
Lecture 133 - Second Order System - Natural Response; Critically Damped and Underdamped
Lecture 134 - General Form of a Second Order System
Lecture 135 - Numerical Example
Lecture 136 - Series and Parallel RLC Circuits
Lecture 137 - Forced Response of a Second Order System
Direct Calculation of Steady State Response from Equivalent Components
Lecture 138 - Steady State Response Calculation and Phasors
Lecture 139 - Phasors (cont.)
Magnitude and Phasor Plots; Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
Lecture 140 - Magnitude and Phasor Plots
Lecture 141 - Magnitude and Phasor Plots of a Second Order System
Lecture 142 - Maximum Power Transfer and Conjugate Matching