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Introduction to Logic

Introduction to Logic. Instructor: Prof. A. V. Ravishankar Sarma, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, IIT Kanpur. This course introduces the basic concepts of logic and explores various principles, techniques concerning valid reasoning. Since Reasoning is involved in most intellectual activities, logic is relevant to broad range of pursuits. The study of logic is essential for students of computer science, philosophy (used as a tool for their arguments) and students of Mathematics who attempts to understand the foundations of mathematics in a better way. Mathematicians might be interested in what goes on in a lengthy proof or what constitutes a mathematical proof. Introduction to Logic presents the basic techniques used to derive a valid conclusion from the premises of an argument and also techniques for determining whether or not a argument (deductive or inductive) is valid/strong. The goal of this course is to introduce students to the essential ideas and techniques from logic that are widely used in Philosophy, Computer Science, Natural sciences, and the argumentation used in the daily discourse. (from nptel.ac.in)

Lecture 09 - Informal Fallacies: Fallacies of Relevance and Fallacies of Weak Induction


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Lecture 01 - Identification of Arguments
Lecture 02 - Non-arguments
Lecture 03 - Types of Arguments: Deductive vs Inductive
Lecture 04 - Nature and Scope of Deductive and Inductive Arguments
Lecture 05 - Truth, Validity and Soundness
Lecture 06 - Strength of Inductive Arguments, Counterexample Method
Lecture 07 - Toulmin's Model of Argumentation
Lecture 08 - Identification of Formal and Informal Fallacies
Lecture 09 - Informal Fallacies: Fallacies of Relevance and Fallacies of Weak Induction
Lecture 10 - Fallacies of Weak Induction and Fallacies Arising Out of Ambiguity in Language
Lecture 11 - Introduction and Motivation for Syllogistic Logic
Lecture 12 - Aristotle Theory of Syllogisms
Lecture 13 - Syllogistic Poem, Reduction of Syllogisms
Lecture 14 - Syllogistic Poem, Reduction of Syllogisms (cont.)
Lecture 15 - Nature and Scope of Propositional Logic
Lecture 16 - Syntax of Propositional Logic
Lecture 17 - Logical Connectives: Truth Tables
Lecture 18 - Truth Table Method: Validity, Consistency, Logical Equivalence
Lecture 19 - Semantic Tableaux for Propositional Logic
Lecture 20 - Knights and Knaves Puzzles
Lecture 21 - Semantic Tableaux Method: Further Examples
Lecture 22 - Natural Deduction Method
Lecture 23 - Natural Deduction: Examples
Lecture 24 - Conjunctive and Disjunctive Normal Forms
Lecture 25 - CNF, DNF and Satisfiability and Validity
Lecture 26 - Resolution and Refutation Method
Lecture 27 - Resolution and Refutation Method: Examples
Lecture 28 - Axiomatic Propositional Logic
Lecture 29 - Hilbert-Ackermann Axiomatic System
Lecture 30 - Proofs in the PM System
Lecture 31 - Hilbert and Ackermann System
Lecture 32 - Outlines of Predicate Logic
Lecture 33 - Outlines of Predicate Logic (cont.)
Lecture 34 - Building Blocks of Predicate Logic
Lecture 35 - Quantifiers, Freedom, Bondage
Lecture 36 - Translation into Predicate Logic
Lecture 37 - Semantics of Predicate Logic
Lecture 38 - Truth, Satisfiability, Validity in Predicate Logic
Lecture 39 - Formation Trees for WFF in Predicate Logic
Lecture 40 - Semantic Tableaux Method for Predicate Logic
Lecture 41 - Semantic Tableaux Method: Satisfiability, Validity
Lecture 42 - Natural Deduction in Predicate Logic
Lecture 43 - Important Theorems in First Order Logic
Lecture 44 - Limitations of First Order Logic